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There are several types of CNC machining processes

CNC PROCESS GUIDE / DRAWING-BASED MANUFACTURING

Choose the Right CNC Process for Your Part

Milling, turning, hole-making, multi-axis machining, grinding and EDM address different features and manufacturing requirements. A finished component may use several of these operations.

Start with the part geometry, material, tolerances and surface requirements. Use this guide to explore the operations and prepare your drawing for review.

Start with the process comparison →
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01

CNC Milling

CNC milling uses rotating cutters to remove material from a secured workpiece. Controlled movements create flat, pocketed and complex non-cylindrical geometry.

Typical Features
Pockets, slots, holes, flat surfaces, contours and mounting faces.
Typical Parts
Housings, brackets, plates, fixtures, blocks and equipment components.
02

CNC Turning

CNC turning rotates the workpiece while a cutting tool removes material. It is commonly used for rotational and cylindrical part geometry.

Typical Features
Outside diameters, bores, grooves, shoulders, tapers and threads.
Typical Parts
Shafts, bushings, sleeves, pins, adapters, spacers and fittings.
03

Drilling, Boring, Reaming & Tapping

Hole diameter, depth, tolerance, finish and thread requirements help determine the necessary tools and operations.

Drilling
Creates the initial round hole.
Boring
Enlarges or refines an existing hole.
Reaming
Refines hole size and finish when required.
Tapping
Produces internal threads.
04

3-Axis, 4-Axis & 5-Axis Machining

Additional axes help the tool reach more sides and approach directions. The appropriate configuration depends on geometry, tool access and the required setups.

3-axis

Common for standard milling features and multi-face components using conventional setups.

4-axis

Useful when rotational positioning or machining around a component is required.

5-axis

Supports suitable complex geometry and features requiring different tool-access directions.

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05

Precision Grinding

Grinding uses an abrasive wheel to remove small amounts of material. It is often applied after machining to refine dimensions, flatness, roundness or surface finish.

Typical uses: shafts, tooling components, hardened parts and precision finishing surfaces.

06

Electrical Discharge Machining

EDM removes electrically conductive material through controlled electrical discharges.

Typical uses: narrow slots, intricate internal features, hard conductive materials and tooling components.

Common methods include wire EDM and sinker EDM.

Compare Processes by Part Feature

Part Feature or Requirement Process to Review
Flat surfaces, pockets, slots and complex profiles CNC Milling
Cylindrical or rotational geometry CNC Turning
Round holes, controlled bores and internal threads Drilling / Boring / Reaming / Tapping
Complex multi-face geometry and tool-access directions Multi-Axis CNC Machining
Refined dimensions, flatness, roundness or surface finish Grinding
Difficult features in electrically conductive material Electrical Discharge Machining

One Part Can Follow Several Processes

EXAMPLE / A SHAFT WITH FLATS AND CROSS HOLES

The main shape and individual features can be produced through a sequence of operations.

01. Turn the Main Shape

Produce the required diameters, shoulders and other rotational features.

02. Mill & Drill the Features

Add flats, cross holes or other features defined on the drawing.

03. Finish & Verify

Add grinding or surface finishing where specified, then inspect the critical dimensions.

Project support can include deburring, finishing, machining after fabrication and assembly when specified. Inspection follows the agreed drawings and project requirements.

PREPARE YOUR MACHINING ENQUIRY

What to Send for Process Review

Share the information that defines the part and its functional requirements:

  • Dimensioned 2D drawing
  • 3D CAD model
  • Material specification
  • Critical tolerances
  • Surface finish requirements
  • Required quantity
  • Assembly or functional requirements
CONTACT HONGMING SHENG

Discuss Your CNC Part

info@hms1688.com

Send your drawing and requirements. Our team can review the geometry and suggest a practical manufacturing route for quotation.

Get a CNC Manufacturing Quote

Drawings and CAD files can be sent by email. The enquiry form collects your contact details and project summary.

Customer drawings, CAD files, samples and technical specifications are handled confidentially. NDA support is available for OEM projects.

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